The LU roundel

London Underground is a means of transport. But it is also a living overground and underground museum of all sorts, namely of architecture and graphic design.

I try to point out a few things concerning roundels that haven’t been said before in the same way.

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Bibliography / credits:

• David Lawrence, A Logo for London. The London Transport Bar and Circle, London, 2013
• Mark Ovenden, London Underground by Design, London, 2013
• Hedley Clarke, Underground Bullseyes 1972–2000, Colchester, 2007
• Tim Demuth, Johnston, in: The London Bus Magazine, Nos. 34 (Autumn 1980) and 36 (Spring 1981)
• Oliver Green / Jeremy Rewse-Davies, Designed for London. 150 Years of Transport Design, London, 1995
• Justin Howes, Edward Johnston. A Catalogue of The Crafts Study Centre, Collection & Archive, Bath, 1987
• Various Design standards and Sign standards, London Transport Museum, Library and Acton Depot

• Most of the photographs labelled ‘LTM’ have been taken from the invaluable collection of the London Transport Museum at www.ltmcollection.org.

Photographs that have been significantly altered have the ‘hand and pencil’ symbol in the lower right-hand corner.